Somewhere in the bright future, each of us will be able to generate the required amount of electricity at home without resorting to burning fuel. The energy of sunlight, wind, heat pumps - all this will inevitably take its place in our lives. In the meantime, for economic and practical reasons, far from power lines it is necessary to use electric generators: gasoline, diesel, gas. How to choose an electric generator for your home and garden, and which models are in high demand? About this and much more in our material.
What to look for and how to choose?
Obviously, the choice of an electric generator is individual. Therefore, there are dozens of types of such equipment. In order to perceive the information holistically, we have compiled data on such small power plants into one table.
| Comparison criterion | View | Advantages | Flaws |
|---|---|---|---|
| Generator type | Synchronous | They provide a stable output voltage and can withstand short-term overloads, so it is possible to power equipment with high inrush currents (up to 60% of the nominal value). | The design is open and not protected from dirt. The operating features of individual components (for example, brushes) ensure their accelerated wear. |
| Asynchronous | The closed housing provides moisture and dust protection. Simpler and more durable (brushless design). | They do not tolerate overloads and power restrictions for devices with high inrush currents. | |
| Load type | Active | Such generators are selected to provide energy to equipment in which electricity is converted into heat and light. To select a power plant, it is enough to sum up the power of all lighting and household appliances that do not have an electric motor. | |
| Inductive | If you need to power a device that has an electric motor, then you need to take into account high starting currents and the need to purchase a generator with a large power reserve. The calculation is carried out in relation to a specific load: washing machine, refrigerator, pump, etc. | ||
| Purpose | Ordinary | With all other similar parameters, the cost of generators increases from conventional to welding. The inverter device, as part of an additional unit, has a rectifier, a converter and a microprocessor, with the help of which it converts the resulting alternating current into direct current and back into alternating current. This equalizes the characteristics of the current, which can be used to power sensitive electrical appliances, such as computers and televisions. The purpose of the welding power plant is obvious from the name. | |
| Inverter | |||
| Welding | |||
| Fuel type | Gasoline | Such generators are cheaper than diesel ones and can be an excellent solution for a summer residence. | Operation and maintenance are more expensive than diesel engines. Relatively small resource. More suitable as backup power sources. |
| Diesel | Large resource and power range, suitable for use as a constant source of electricity in a private home. Safer than gasoline. | High cost of power plant. | |
| Gas | Used as thermal power plants, they are one of the most environmentally friendly solutions. They are characterized by low noise levels and high efficiency. | The advantages of using such devices can be fully appreciated only with a centralized gas supply. More expensive than petrol and diesel. | |
| Gas-petrol | A hybrid solution that can run on two types of fuel. The resource is about a third longer than that of gasoline generators. | High price. | |
| Number of cycles | 2 | Simple and inexpensive design. | High demands on the quality of fuel and oil. |
| 4 | Economical in terms of fuel consumption, less noisy. | More complex and expensive design. | |
| Number of cylinders | 1-4 | The power of the system and its efficiency depend on the number of cylinders. At the same time, an increase in the number of cylinders results in an increase in size and cost. | |
| Number of revolutions* | Low speed (≈1500 rpm) | Long service life, less noise and fuel consumption, which makes them an ideal solution for use as a constant source of electricity. | Massive, expensive. |
| High-speed (from 3000 rpm)** | Compact, lightweight and relatively cheap. | Noisy, short-lived, consume more fuel. | |
| Cooling type | Air | Easy to manufacture, repair and maintain. Relatively inexpensive. | In most cases, they are not intended for long-term continuous operation, low power. |
| Liquid | Designed for use as the main source of energy, capable of operating continuously for a long time. | More expensive and complex. | |
| Startup type | Manual | Virtually trouble-free system. | You have to make an effort to start the unit. |
| Electric starter | Turns on by turning the ignition key. | Operation requires a battery, which may discharge. | |
| Combined | A hybrid of the above systems. | The presence of such a launch naturally increases the cost. | |
* If the power plant will operate up to 500 hours per year, then it is advisable to choose among high-speed models. If more than 500 hours, then purchasing a low-speed unit will be preferable.
** Most of the models for home and garden are produced just like this.
One of the main selection criteria, which we did not include in the table, is its power. Everything here is individual, but usually for a summer house a device of 3-5 kW is enough, but for a private house, subject to permanent residence, you will need from 10 to 20 kW. To estimate the required power, loads from devices that convert electricity into heat and light are summed up with loads from equipment equipped with an electric motor. In the latter case, a correction is made for inrush currents (correction factors are a reference value), which are different for each device. Having summed everything up and multiplied the resulting value by 1.1-1.2 (depending on the amount of reserve), we have the required power of the portable power station.
Important! You should not look at the maximum power value of the generator - focus on the total or active power, the value of which is usually 10-15% lower. This will extend the life of your station.
Also, when choosing, it is worth assessing the need for mobility of the power plant. Many models are equipped with wheels, which allows you to move them without the use of lifting equipment. It’s another matter if a permanent site has been prepared for the generator - the use of stationary models is appropriate.
Below we have reviewed the most notable units, many of which are produced by highly specialized companies, which is important. Prices are indicative and are indicated for comparison purposes only. Before purchasing, check the technical specifications and equipment.
TOP 5 gas generators
Such stations should still be considered more as a backup source for a private home or a permanent source for a summer cottage. Relatively inexpensive, they heat up quickly and can usually work for no more than 3-5 hours without interruption.
1. DDE GG950Z at 0.65 kW (priced from RUB 6,500)
It cannot be called particularly powerful or quiet, but on rare days when there are power outages, it is simply irreplaceable. DDE GG950Z belongs to the class of low-power power stations that should be in any home, just in case. The American brand DDE has an impressive history, and the quality of products manufactured under this brand does not suffer even because of its Chinese origin. Compact, energy-free and relatively lightweight - what else do you need from a device for 6.5 thousand rubles?
| Parameter | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Fuel | petrol |
| Active power | 0.65 kW |
| Maximum power | 0.72 kW |
| Generator type | synchronous |
| Number of revolutions | 3000 rpm |
| Startup type | manual |
| Number of phases | 1 (at 220 V) |
| Number of cycles | 2 |
| Number of cylinders | 1 |
| Cooling type | air |
| Fuel consumption | 0.7 l/h |
| Fuel tank volume | 4.2 l |
| Noise level | 91 dB |
| Voltmeter | No |
| Sockets | one water- and dust-proof 220V socket, 12V terminals |
| Dimensions | 300x350x300 mm |
| Weight | 17 kg |
2. Honda EU20i 1.6 kW (priced from RUB 80,600)
Honda is to the world of portable power stations what Bugatti is to the world of cars. This applies to characteristics, workmanship, and, of course, cost. We did not choose the Honda EU20i inverter generator model by chance. If you need a quiet and long-lasting backup source of electricity for a summer house or a small private house, delivering high-quality current and periodically pulling loads that exceed the normal values, then this is your system! The only unpleasant feature of this station is its price.
| Parameter | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Fuel | petrol |
| Active power | 1.6 kW |
| Maximum power | 2 kW |
| Generator type | synchronous |
| Number of revolutions | 3000 rpm |
| Startup type | manual |
| Number of phases | 1 (at 220 V) |
| Number of cycles | 4 |
| Number of cylinders | 1 |
| Cooling type | air |
| Fuel consumption | 0.9 l/h |
| Fuel tank volume | 3.6 l |
| Noise level | 53 dB |
| Voltmeter | No |
| Sockets | two water- and dust-proof 220V sockets, 12V terminals |
| Dimensions | 510x425x290 mm |
| Weight | 21 kg |
In the video below, you can judge how the Honda EU20i behaves under load.
3. Wert G 3000D at 2.3 kW (priced from 14,000 rubles)
That case when it’s cheap and cheerful, but for a dacha - an ideal option! As usual, everything inexpensive and good is made in China, and the Wert G 3000D was no exception. The product is manufactured by Elitech, a company specializing in the production of a wide range of electrical equipment. The power of the device is enough for consistent use of a minimum set of household appliances.
The frame structure, with its relatively small size and weight, does not cause any particular inconvenience for transporting and moving the station. Judging by the reviews, the open design is quite noisy, but with the correct placement of the equipment you can turn a blind eye to this feature.
| Parameter | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Fuel | petrol |
| Active power | 2.3 kW |
| Maximum power | 2.5 kW |
| Generator type | synchronous |
| Number of revolutions | 3000 rpm |
| Startup type | manual |
| Number of phases | 1 (at 220 V) |
| Number of cycles | 4 |
| Number of cylinders | 1 |
| Cooling type | air |
| Fuel consumption | 0.9 l/h |
| Fuel tank volume | 15 l |
| Noise level | 95 dB |
| Voltmeter | There is |
| Sockets | two water- and dust-proof 220V sockets, 12V terminals |
| Dimensions | 605x450x470 mm |
| Weight | 40 kg |
By the way, you can get a rough idea of the noise created by watching the video below. The video shows the Model C, but this does not play a special role.
4. Huter DY4000L at 2.8 kW (priced from RUB 22,200)
Another brainchild that Russian buyers liked, originally from China, albeit with German roots, is the Huter DY4000L with a power of 2.8 kW. This is another electric generator for a summer residence at an affordable price and with good characteristics. Even with one outlet, it is also economical, easy to start and a very reliable source of backup power. As for noise, like any open design, the DY4000L is hardly quiet.
According to reviews, some buyers gave this generator 4 out of 5 only because of the noise - it is difficult to be near such a device for any long time. But this is not required!
Below is a video demonstrating the operation of such a portable system. You will be able to evaluate whether such a station is suitable for your needs.
In general, the line of “hooters” is represented quite widely - it’s easy to choose an option that suits your price and power. Models such as Huter DY2500L (2 kW), DY3000L (2.5 kW), DY6500LX (5 kW), DY8000LX (6.5 kW) are popular.
5. FUBAG TI 6000 at 5.5 kW (priced from 124,000 rubles)
FUBAG is one of the leading manufacturers of power equipment. This is a German company whose production facilities are located mainly in Germany and Switzerland. Hence, FUBAG TI 6000 is the choice of those for whom the absence of the “Made in China” label is important, and, to be honest, the high quality of components and assembly.
This inverter model produces high-quality current, which makes it safe to connect computers and other sensitive equipment to it. The station's power is enough to provide electricity to a small or medium-sized home. Of course, like most other gasoline systems, Fubag TI 6000 is best suited as a backup source rather than a primary source. The presence of wheels, albeit small, makes the product transportable even despite its high weight. The unit, enclosed in a soundproof casing, has two operating modes: main and economical. Compared to many systems, it produces fairly tolerable noise and is reliably protected from the external environment.
| Parameter | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Fuel | petrol |
| Active power | 5.5 kW (total – 5.5 kVA) |
| Maximum power | 6 kW |
| Generator type | synchronous |
| Number of revolutions | 3000 rpm |
| Startup type | electric |
| Number of phases | 1 (at 220 V) |
| Number of cycles | 4 |
| Number of cylinders | 1 |
| Cooling type | air |
| Fuel consumption | 3.6 l/h |
| Fuel tank volume | 22 l |
| Noise level | 75 dB |
| Voltmeter | No |
| Sockets | three water- and dust-proof 220V sockets, 12V terminals |
| Dimensions | 802x495x624 mm |
| Weight | 90 kg |
You can evaluate the noise level of the FUBAG TI 6000, its functionality and current quality in the following short video.
TOP 5 diesel electric generators
Diesel systems are more suitable for constant use. Hardy, but also more expensive than gasoline ones. More powerful, they provide current for about 9-12 hours a day - real workhorses.
1. FUBAG DS 3500 at 2.8 kW (priced from 67,000 rubles)
The first in our review of diesel generators is the FUBAG DS 3500 station model with relatively low power, which is enough to provide energy for lighting fixtures and a basic set of household appliances. Is an excellent solution for small houses. Mounted on a frame structure, the engine starts with a manual starter and can run on a full tank for up to 13 hours.
The successful line of Fubag DS systems presents several interesting solutions of varying power. We will look at one of them a little later.
2. Hyundai DHY-6000 SE at 5 kW (priced from 77,000 rubles)
Do you need a reliable 5 kW electric generator for your home? Then you should take a closer look at the Hyundai DHY-6000 SE model. The well-known Korean manufacturer has something to boast about: an excellent design, thanks to which the station operates really quietly, the reliability and durability of the D 400 engine, which is truly not picky about fuel quality and is characterized by low fuel consumption.
The unit can operate continuously for at least 9 hours, has a long service life and produces high-quality current. One of the few drawbacks is the lack of locks on the wheels, but at a price of up to 80 thousand rubles. You won't find another device like this.
Below is a short promotional video for this model.
3. Vepr ADP 5.0-230 VYA-BS at 5 kW (priced from RUB 167,200)
If you are interested in a high-quality 5 kW diesel generator made in Russia, then the Vepr ADP 5.0-230 VYa-BS is one of such models. The products of the Vepr company are known far beyond the borders of the Russian Federation and are in stable demand due to their high quality and reasonable price.
Thanks to an economical engine with low specific fuel consumption, such a generator can operate on a full tank for up to 7 hours. Combined launch provides maximum convenience for frequent use. Of course, the frame structure without a noise-insulating casing does its job - the unit can hardly be called silent. But the sound is tolerable, and if the location of the station is chosen correctly, it does not hurt the ears.
This system is powered by a reliable Japanese Yanmar engine. With proper use, the product will serve you for many years.
4. Huter LDG14000CLE(3) for 10 kW (priced from RUB 259,000)
When you need to install a powerful power plant with economical fuel consumption, you can consider purchasing the Huter LDG14000CLE(3) as an option. He doesn't eat much butter either. This is another model from the famous German manufacturer, made in a classic frame design. Quite noisy, but if you approach the issue of choosing its location wisely, this disadvantage can easily be covered by the abundance of advantages.
5. FUBAG DS 15000 DA ES at 10.8 kW (priced from RUB 278,000)
If you need a serious unit for a large house, and as the only and constant source of electricity, then you should think about purchasing the FUBAG DS 15000 DA ES. This 10 kW electric generator model from the previously mentioned German manufacturer is one of the best in its class.
Firstly, a generator of this level is already three-phase, and instead of air, it uses liquid cooling.
Secondly, despite the frame design, the station operates quite quietly, so its presence will not cause any particular discomfort to the ear. Add here the ability to connect an automation unit and a number of other options, and you will get a rough idea of the capabilities of such a machine.
Significant dimensions and weight, as well as the absence of wheels, may somewhat spoil the first impression, but having resolved the issue of transportation and installation, you can enjoy using a full-fledged source of electricity for your home.
TOP 5 gas electric generators
Durable, less noisy, almost an ideal option if it is possible to connect to a gas main. In this case, you can completely automate the process of the system and practically “forget” about its existence in the good sense of the word.
1. SDMO PERFORM 3000 GAZ at 2.4 kW (priced from 60,000 rub.)
SDMO is a famous French brand that produces gasoline, diesel and gas generators for domestic and industrial use. The narrow specialization of the company’s work provides an integrated approach to the development of new models and, as a result, excellent indicators of functionality and durability of finished units.
If you are considering using gas as a fuel for a backup power plant, then SDMO PERFORM 3000 GAZ would be a good choice. Compact, relatively lightweight, mounted on a frame, it is characterized by low fuel consumption and high reliability. Please note that the set of wheels and handles must be purchased separately.
You can evaluate the operation of this unit in the video below.
2. Russian Engineering Group GG7200-A at 5.5 kW (priced from 52,000 rubles)
Among the stations operating on gas, our review included a Russian-made generator from the Russian Engineering Group. This is a fairly well-known manufacturer of power equipment in the CIS, and its products are quite worthy of taking their place in your home.
In this case, we are interested in the GG7200-A - a gas generator of medium performance, the power of which is enough for both a summer house and a small private house. If desired, such a device can be connected to the autostart system and configured to burn propane or methane. It has high safety indicators: if engine components fail, the gas supply to the combustion chamber is stopped. Comes with a transport kit, so there will be no problems with placement.
Below is a visual video demonstrating the operation of this model.
3. Briggs & Stratton 8 kW Standby Generator at 6 kW (priced from 180,000 rubles)
Although this device looks like a stylish tombstone, inside it is filled with the latest developments in the production of gas-powered electric generators. After all, the American brand Briggs & Stratton has been known throughout the world for more than half a century.
The system housing is designed in such a way that it can be installed outdoors. Thanks to the sound insulation used, the noise from the station’s operation is practically not felt (compared to similar solutions). The quality of the current is very high, it is safe to use to power precision equipment without the use of any intermediate voltage stabilizers. In general, an excellent solution for the home with a great warranty from a renowned manufacturer.
You can get a rough idea of the quality of performance of generators of this type in the following video.
4. Kipor KNE9000T at 7.5 kW (priced from 170,000 rubles)
If you have no prejudices against Chinese products, then you should consider purchasing a Kipor KNE9000T gas electric generator model for your home. Its capabilities are quite enough to provide energy to a standard set of electrical appliances.
The device is equipped with a reliable and durable two-cylinder four-stroke engine and, at the limit of its capabilities, is capable of pulling up to 8 kW of active load. All components are enclosed in a housing with a soundproof casing, which has a positive effect on minimizing the noise level from the operation of the unit. In addition, it can be placed in any convenient place. Another thing is that this is a rather heavy station, and you will have to solve installation issues yourself.
5. Generac 6271 for 12 kW (priced from 420,000 rubles)
This option is suitable for a large home or office building. Its advantages are best revealed in the presence of a main gas supply and operation as an automatic backup source of electricity.
Generac 6271 is a product of a well-known American brand that specializes exclusively in generators. Obviously, in this case we are dealing with a high-quality product that provides maximum comfort to its owner. True, you will have to pay a tidy sum for this. The two-cylinder engine runs very quietly, which is greatly facilitated by the presence of effective noise insulation in the station body.
A short video about what it all looks like in real life.
Editor's Choice
It’s not so easy to choose a specific item - the approach to purchasing such equipment is too individual. We have combined all the stations we reviewed into one table for easy price comparison. The most notable models are highlighted here.
| Type of fuel | Station model* | Starting cost |
|---|---|---|
| Petrol | DDE GG950Z | 6.5 thousand rubles. |
| 80.6 thousand rubles. | ||
| 14 thousand rubles. | ||
| 22.2 thousand. rub. | ||
| 124 thousand rubles. | ||
| Diesel fuel |
Let's say a generator can have an active power of 7 kW and a total power of 8 kW. The second value is always higher, since it shows the maximum capabilities of the unit - the total power of consumers should not exceed it. In order for a power plant to be able to ensure the operation of all devices connected to it, one should not only proceed from the total load power, but also take into account the type of device.
To operate consumers that spend energy on lighting and heating, take the value of active power. These include electric kettles, light bulbs, irons and other household appliances without an electric motor. The loads they exert on the network are called active or ohmic. Their current consumption is the same both at the moment of switching on and throughout the entire operating cycle. Therefore, to calculate the required generator power, you simply need to add up the power values of all devices that will be connected simultaneously.
When connecting equipment with an electric motor, its starting currents must be taken into account. Any power tool, welding machine, refrigerator, vacuum cleaner, garden pump and other similar equipment at the time of startup consumes electricity several times higher than the rated power. Such loads are called reactive or inductive. Therefore, when calculating the total power of all connected devices, it is necessary to take into account the power factor of equipment with an electric motor. Its value must be indicated by the manufacturer in the instructions. For example, for a drill with a power of 700 W, a coefficient of 0.6 is indicated. The power consumption at the time of startup will be: 700:0.6 = 1166.66 W. It is this value that needs to be added to the power indicators of other consumers. If a tool with high starting currents is connected alone, without lighting and other devices, then the resulting power value will be equal to the full power of the generator.
Number of phases
When it is planned to connect energy consumers with an operating voltage of 220 V, they buy a single-phase power plant. To connect industrial equipment with an operating voltage of 380 V, a three-phase model is required. Additionally, many models have a 12 V outlet, which is used to charge batteries.
When the power grid fails, your own electric generator will help out. How to choose it correctly? Expert recommendations.
Photo: prorabtools.ru
Power outages, unfortunately, are not uncommon these days. If this happens once every six months and lasts about half an hour, they may not cause too much inconvenience. But when, on average, two or three times a month you are forced to arrange a candlelit evening, the situation becomes not at all rosy. There is no lighting, the refrigerator is defrosting, the boiler is not working... This means that you need your own generator for your home. And this can no longer be called just a whim or a desire for increased comfort. This is an adequate assessment of the situation, a way to solve the problem.
Of course, we cannot say that a generator is vital for everyone, but in many cases it will help you easily get rid of some unpleasant moments. At the same time, a purchase decision most often comes with a huge number of questions: it is not clear where to start, how to choose from the huge number of offered equipment models exactly the one that will be the ideal option for the task at hand.
Let's start by defining goals
When choosing a generator, the first question that will need to be answered is: “What is the purpose of using it?”
Such equipment can serve as the main source of energy. This is necessary if connecting to a centralized power supply network is impossible or does not make sense (for example, at a dacha, at temporary construction sites). But most often, a mini-power plant is used as a reserve in case of an emergency in the main power supply system.
When choosing a generator as the main power source, the basis will be such characteristics of the unit as its
- sufficient power,
- relatively long motor life,
- efficiency,
- reliability,
- the presence of an extensive service network,
- compactness and weight (if frequent transportation is necessary),
- ease of use.
In this case, convenience is no less important than, for example, the reliability of the equipment. Few people would like to run to the generator every 3-4 hours around the clock to top up fuel or repair it after six months, leaving the house without electricity.
As for efficiency, fuel consumption and cost always become one of the determining factors when choosing any equipment. Finally, the power of the unit must be selected so that consumers do not think about what is currently plugged into the outlet and what else can be turned on without overloading the generator.
Most often, a power plant is still required as a backup power source, so we will dwell in more detail on this option.
What power generator should I choose for my home or cottage?
Approximate calculations will not work in this case, so it is worth paying special attention to this point. The principle is quite simple: it is necessary to add up the power of all individual electrical consumers that must be included in the network at the same time. All the necessary data can be found on labels, nameplates or in the equipment instructions. You can refer to the data provided by the manufacturers (on the Internet today you can find instructions for almost any model of equipment or tool).
It is very important to pay attention to the fact that it is necessary to add power values not in the usual kW, but in kVA (kilovolt-amperes).
For reference: the total power of the equipment is measured in kVA, which includes the sum of its active (kW) and reactive (kVAr) components. Depending on the operating characteristics of a particular electrical consumer, their ratio may differ significantly from each other, so calculations are made in this way.
Also, when determining power, starting currents are of great importance, which for some types of equipment can exceed the rated values by 3-6 times.
Starting current is the current consumed by the motor from the mains when starting (i.e. when the device is turned on).
So, for example, if you have a pumping station, you should include in the calculations the power of the unit, multiplied by a factor of 3.5-4 (depending on the specific model). The same situation will happen with a refrigerator, air conditioner, and washing machine.
To the resulting figure, it is necessary to add a 20-30% power reserve, which will allow the generator to operate in its optimal mode even if all intended consumers are included in the network. Then the nearest larger value is selected from the standard series of generator powers. The issue is resolved.
Photo: www.vseinstrumenti.ru
In most cases, if it is necessary to connect a minimum number of consumers (several light bulbs, a TV and a refrigerator), a gasoline generator with a power of 2-3 kW is chosen. If, for example, you have a workshop at home and require power for several tools, you will need a unit of 6 kW or more. If you frequently use a welding machine, the optimal solution would be to purchase a specialized welding generator.
What can be connected to a low power generator?
Low-power generators (0.5-2 kW) are in greatest demand due to their relatively low cost, as well as the ability to connect a minimum list of consumers that require high reliability in power supply. With this choice for a home, the first place most often comes from connecting lighting (on average about 6 lamps), a heating boiler, and household appliances (refrigerator, iron, TV).
Petrol, diesel or gas?
One of the fundamental points in choosing a generator, which follows from the previously obtained power value, is the type of fuel used in the operation. There are only two clear situations in this case:
- if you need a generator with a power of up to 2-3 kW, in this case you need a gasoline model,
- if the equipment power is more than 15 kW, then diesel is your option.
For both situations, there is only one explanation: electric generators running on other types of fuel are not produced.
As for intermediate indicators, everything is a little more complicated. Often the cost of the equipment and its subsequent operation, as well as the features of its future application, are decisive.
Gasoline generators
Photo: invertor-generator ru Petrol generator FUBAG BS 1100
The main characteristics of such equipment are
- compactness,
- ease of transportation,
- low cost mini power plant,
- low noise level,
- higher fuel costs,
- resource from 500 to 3000 hours (depending on model and brand).
This option is perfect for situations where constant transportation of the power plant is required; its switching on occurs rarely and for a short time.
Separately, I would like to draw attention to the value of the “motor resource” indicator when choosing equipment. This figure indicates the number of hours after which the equipment must undergo scheduled comprehensive maintenance. Simply put, the number of engine hours is the average duration of operation of the generator between repairs according to testing data of the selected model by the manufacturer.
Inverter generators
Photo: www.toool.ru Inverter gas generator HUTER DN2700
Inverter-type gasoline generators are one of the best options when choosing equipment in this class. They differ from traditionally designed equipment by the presence of an engine speed controller and an electronic ignition system. At the same time, the efficiency of such units is due to the fact that the number of revolutions changes depending on the load, which allows for significant fuel savings. As a result, the electronics completely control the level of generated voltage.
Diesel generators
Photo: www.ers-energo.ru Diesel generator SDMO DIESEL 4000 E
In this case, there is a choice between a stationary and portable installation (in other words, between a water-cooled and an air-cooled power plant). Air diesel generators are great for frequent power problems as a backup. They have a service life of about 4000 hours, are economical to operate and can withstand more intense operating conditions compared to their gasoline counterparts.
If all the benefits of civilization are far away and there is a high probability that problems with power supply can arise at any moment and last for an unknown amount of time, a stationary water-cooled diesel generator is what you need. To say they are reliable is an understatement. They can work around the clock, and the service life is 40,000 hours. Another feature of them is their weight (most often it is about 200-250 kg), although this can also have its “plus”: it will be very difficult to steal such a generator even with a strong desire difficult.
Gas generators
Photo: www.toool.ru Gas generator KIPOR KNE5500E
Recently, gas generators have become a worthy (although still not very widespread) alternative to units running on gasoline or diesel. Its main advantages can be called
- low cost of fuel (it is also very convenient that there is no need to monitor the fuel level in the tank, especially when the generator runs on natural gas);
- high efficiency;
- low noise level;
- environmental friendliness.
Flaws
- high cost of equipment;
- the difficulty of transporting liquefied gas (in the absence of a source of natural fuel);
- complex safety measures during operation;
- difficulty connecting to the main line;
- connection requires specialists with experience in performing such work.
One or three phases?
This question is as important as the previous ones, because a single-phase and three-phase generator are completely different devices that have their own conditions for operation and application. There is simply no answer to the question of which is better. Each individual situation has its own variant.
Photo: donelektrik.ru Single-phase network diagram
- If there is not a single three-phase consumer in the house and the centralized power supply is supplied along one line, the conclusion is clear: it is necessary single-phase generator.
- A single-phase unit is also needed when three lines are connected, but only one needs to be reserved (if, for example, a heating system, refrigerator, pumping station, etc. is connected to it).
- If you have single- and three-phase consumers, you can go in two ways: buy two power plants of different designs or still one three-phase, but be sure to ensure that the loads between the lines are distributed evenly.
Photo: donelektrik.ru Three-phase network diagram
If there is a connection to the house 3 phase, there are also two options:
- Buy a 3-phase power plant and a 3-phase automatic transfer switch (automatically entering a reserve, which will automatically turn on the generator when the power in the centralized network disappears). In this case, it is necessary to lay separate lines in which a uniform distribution of loads between them would be provided, and their sum would not be more than a third of the total power of the unit (if the generator is designed for 15 kW, not more than 5 kW).
- 1-phase generator and 3-phase ATS in the absence of three-phase consumers. In this case, if necessary, the automation will connect all the phases of the network with the generator, and the unit will simultaneously power each of them. At the same time, you no longer have to worry about ensuring that the loads are evenly distributed.
It is important to consider when connecting a three-phase unit to the network that the maximum permissible phase imbalance is 25% of the power. If this rule is not followed, the generator will simply fail.
Device control options
- Manual start. This type of starting is most often used in low-power generators. In order to start the unit, you will need to strongly pull the cord/twist the handle/press the starter pedal. It must be admitted that this is quite inconvenient and will require considerable physical effort.
- Electric start. With this design, to start it will be enough to simply press a button on the panel.
- Autostart. In this case, when the mains power goes out, the generator will start automatically without operator intervention, and then turn off when power is restored with a set time delay. The only thing that needs to be taken into account for this version is that the automation will not work if the temperature is less than +5 ˚С, so it is necessary to either install the equipment in a heated container or in a heated room.
Generator fuel consumption
Regardless of the type of equipment, fuel consumption directly depends on:
- from the load connected to the unit,
- efficiency of a specific model,
- fuel quality,
- clogged oil and fuel filters.
On average, a gasoline unit can consume 0.3÷0.45 kg/kWh, and a diesel unit 0.184÷0.220 kg/kWh.
Photo: www.elitech-tools.ru
Electric generator maintenance
In order for the generator to operate reliably and efficiently for a long time, maintenance is necessary. All activities that are required to be carried out, as well as their frequency, are always prescribed in the manufacturer’s operating instructions. The scope of such work largely depends on the brand of equipment, its features, its components and their quality.
On average, the maintenance frequency is 250-300 engine hours. At the same time, it is important to periodically check the condition of oil, air and fuel filters, oil, ventilation systems, belt tension, etc. If necessary, the elements are cleaned or replaced.
Popular manufacturers
Choosing a brand of equipment is one of the most important tasks. Among the most popular are
- Honda, which is distinguished by high and stable production quality, as well as the ability to select equipment for difficult working conditions, low noise levels, easy starting, and good traction and power performance.
- Kipor- one of the highly reliable Chinese brands with a large range of gasoline and diesel units, which is in demand due to its relatively low cost and is perfect for use at home or in the country.
- Huter- a brand that appeared on the Russian market relatively recently, is distinguished by its low cost, reliability and stability, and a wide range of models, including gas units.
- Bison- a Belarusian brand that is on par with the world's leading brands at an optimal price level.
It is also worth noting that they are widely represented on the market Hyundai, SDMO, Wilson, DDE And FUBAG.
It is also worth paying attention when choosing a specific model and manufacturer to the availability of a developed network of technical service centers for this equipment in order to protect yourself from lengthy searches for the necessary specialists and spare parts.