Side stone. Side stone Concrete side stones 6m

Ordinary curbs BR 100-30-18 These are stones intended for the improvement of urban areas and roads, which today occupy a special place in the construction industry. The roadway must be separated from sidewalks and lawns. For this purpose, border elements are used, in particular - side stones or straightordinary curbs BR 100-30-18 .

1. Scope of application of ordinary curbs BR 100-30-18.

The main application was found in cone-shapedgray side stones BR 100-30-18 . This version of the concrete product is most suitable for making the ends of sidewalks and other paths, as well as for arranging long roads, highways or highways. It is also often used in the field of road surfaces and sidewalks to achieve an aesthetic and more convenient laying of the road surface. In addition, the protective functions that side curbs carry help to obtain a high-quality landscaped area that will last for a long time.

2.The main purpose of an ordinary border.

1. Functional load – ease of placement of stones on a road structure, eliminates erosion of sidewalks and paths, strengthens the road structure;

2. Aesthetic load – colorful design of paths, aesthetic framing of the road surface, a good opportunity to introduce design solutions when landscaping areas without losing the protective function.

3. Product marking designation.

The norms and standards for the production of ordinary straight stone are contained inGOST 6665-91 . Manufacturing and labelingside curbs BR 100-30-18 carried out in accordance with the current StandardGOST 6665-91 . Stones are tested according toGOST 8829 .

Main characteristicsstraight ordinary curb element BR 100-30-18 :

1.BR – type of building element, side ordinary straight line;

2.Product volume – V=0,052 ;

3. Length – 1000 ;

4. Width – 180 ;

5. Height – 300 ;

6. Weight – 120 (determined by the type of concrete used, the value may vary slightly);

7. Geometric dimensions –1000x180x300 .

8. Geometric volume -0,054 .

The finished product is marked on the end side of the stone using special indelible paint. In a total batch, at least 10% of border products are marked, this is done in accordance withGOST 23009-78 .

4.Manufacturing and main characteristics.

Side curbs BR 100-30-18 have some properties, thanks to which they are widely used in the field of improvement of road structures. The main technologies used in the production of curbs are vibration casting and vibration pressing. This allows you to obtain the correct geometric dimensions and a smooth surface that is resistant to abrasion and other atmospheric influences.

One side of the stone is beveled, the other side is rectangular. It is worth noting that the installation of stone is carried out on the principle of equality of the buried and above-ground parts. Side stones must also matchTN VED 6801000000 – paving stones, curb stones and paving slabs made of natural stone, except slate.

Let's look at the characteristics of the products:

Firstly, high resistance to cracks, as well as reliability and strength (regulatedGOST 18105 ) finished products. This is explained by the fact that stones are made from heavy and fine-grained grades of concrete (concrete class for compressive strength is not less than B22.5 and B30, concrete grade - M300 and M400). High grade Portland cement is used as raw material.

Secondly, due to the low water permeability of concrete (according toGOST 6665-91 the water permeability value is taken to be at least W4) the finished stone is not washed away by water for a long time, does not crumble or chip (the stated service life is at least 20-25 years).

1. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1. Stones should be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard and technological documentation approved in the prescribed manner.

1.2. Main parameters and dimensions

1.2.1. Stones are divided into types:

BR - direct privates;

BU - straight with widening;

BUP - straight with intermittent widening;

BL - straight with tray;

BV - entry;

BC - curved.

1.2.2. The grade, shape and class of concrete in terms of the compressive strength of stones must correspond to those indicated in the table. 1, and the dimensions and indicators of material consumption of stones are in Appendix 1.

It is allowed, in agreement with the Mosinzhproekt Institute of the Main Architecture Committee of the Moscow City Executive Committee and the consumer, other shapes and sizes of stones, as well as changes in the reinforcement of stones without increasing the consumption of reinforcing steel.

1.2.3. The top, bottom and vertical edges of the stones must be mutually perpendicular.

Brands and shape of stones

Table 1

It is allowed to produce stones with a technological slope of the non-facial vertical edges up to 5%, rounding of the front edges with a radius of up to 5 mm and non-facial ones - up to 15 mm, or chamfers up to 10 mm wide.

1.2.4. The reinforcement of stones is given in Appendix 2; during the feasibility study, the reinforcement option given in Appendix 3 is allowed.

1.2.5. Stones 1.0 m long from fine-grained concrete should be made using vibrocompression technology or another technology that provides physical and mechanical characteristics in accordance with this standard.

Stones 3.0 and 6.0 m long should be made of heavy reinforced concrete.

Note. Stones 1.0 m long from heavy concrete can be made until 01/01/96.

1.2.6. Stones are marked with marks in accordance with GOST 23009.

The grade of the stone consists of alphanumeric groups separated by a dash.

The first group contains the designation of the type of stone, the length, height and width of the stone in centimeters, the radius of curvature in meters for curved stones; the second is the class of prestressed reinforcement.

An example of a symbol for a stonetype BR with a length of 1000 mm, a height of 300 mm and a width of 180 mm:

BR 100.30.18

The same, type BC with a length of 1000 mm, a height of 300 mm and a width of 180 mm with a radius of curvature of 8 m:

BC 100.30.18.8

The same, type BR with a length of 6000 mm, a height of 300 mm and a width of 180 mm with prestressed reinforcement of class A-IV:

BR600.30.18-AIV

1.3. Characteristics

1.3.1. The stones must be strong and crack-resistant. When tested for strength and crack resistance by loading, reinforced stones must withstand the control loads given in Table. 2.

1.3.2. Concrete of stones of grade BR 100.20.8 must correspond to a concrete class in terms of compressive strength of no less than B22.5, and concrete of other grades of stones - no less than B30.

Concrete class for tensile strength during bending is taken to be no less than B tb 3.2 for stones of grade BR 100.20.8 and not less than B tb 4.0 - for other brands.

table 2

1.3.3. The value of the normalized tempering strength of fine-grained concrete should be 90% of the concrete class for compressive strength and the concrete class for tensile strength in bending at any time of the year.

The value of the normalized tempering strength of heavy concrete should be 90% of the concrete class for compressive strength and the concrete class for tensile strength during bending in the cold season and 70% in the warm season.

Note. The periods of the year are taken starting and ending with months characterized by the average monthly outdoor temperature in accordance with SNiP 2.01.01 and GOST 13015.0.

The transfer of compression forces to the concrete (releasing the tension of the reinforcement) should be carried out after the concrete reaches the standardized transfer strength.

The actual strength of concrete must correspond to that required by GOST 18105, depending on the standardized strength and indicators of the actual uniformity of concrete strength.

1.3.4. The grade of concrete for frost resistance is accepted according to the construction project, but not lower than that indicated in the table. 3, depending on the estimated outside air temperature of the coldest five-day period in the construction area and is indicated in the order for the production of stones.

1.3.5. The water absorption of concrete and stones should not exceed, by weight, %:

6 - for stones made of fine-grained concrete;

5 - for stones made of heavy concrete

Table 3

1.3.6. The selection of concrete composition is carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 27006 and recommendations, manuals and methods of research institutes approved in the prescribed manner.

The water-cement ratio (W/C) should be no more than 0.40.

1.3.7. Concrete mixtures are prepared according to GOST 7473 using air-entraining additives.

Concrete mixtures for heavy concrete with workability grade P2 or P3 with a mobility of no more than 12 cm should be prepared with the mandatory use of plasticizing additives.

1.3.8. The volume of entrained air in concrete mixtures using air-entraining additives should be from 4 to 5%.

1.3.9. To prepare the concrete mixture, use no-additive Portland cement, Portland cement with mineral additives up to 5%, or Portland cement for concrete road and airfield pavements of grade no lower than 400, containing no more than 5% M in the cement clinkergO(magnesium oxide) and no more than 8% C 3 A (trichalcium aluminate), corresponding to GOST 10178.

1.3.10. The following should be used as concrete aggregates:

natural enriched and fractionated, as well as crushed enriched sands in accordance with GOST 8736, meeting the requirements of GOST 26633;

crushed stone from natural stone, gravel and blast furnace slag in accordance with GOST 8267, GOST 10260, GOST 3344, meeting the requirements of GOST 26633.

For the optimal composition of fine-grained concrete, sand with a particle size modulus of at least 2.2 is used, and for heavy concrete - at least 2.0. The largest grain size of coarse aggregate is 20 mm.

1.3.11. In order to save cement for concrete, other materials should be used - fly ash, slag and ash and slag mixtures of thermal power plants in accordance with GOST 25592 and GOST 25818, meeting the requirements of GOST 26633.

1.3.12. The grade of crushed stone in terms of compressive strength must be at least 1000.

1.3.13. The frost resistance grade of crushed stone must be no lower than F200 and ensure the production of concrete of the design grade for frost resistance.

1.3.14. Additives used to prepare a concrete mixture must meet the requirements of GOST 24211, GOST 26633 and ensure the production of concrete that meets the requirements for frost resistance.

The types and volume (weight) of added additives are determined experimentally, depending on the type and quality of materials used to prepare the concrete mixture, and the modes of steaming (hardening) of concrete.

1.3.15. As a hardening accelerator for concrete mixtures of unreinforced stones made from fine-grained concrete, calcium chloride should be used according to GOST 450 or calcium nitrite-nitrate-chloride according to TU 6-03-7-04 in a volume of up to 3% by weight of cement.

1.3.16. Water for preparing concrete - according to GOST 23732.

1.3.17. When treating concrete with heat and humidity, mild hardening modes (temperature no higher than 70°C) should be observed with a maximum rate of increase and decrease in the processing temperature of no more than 25°C/h.

1.3.18. To reinforce stones, reinforcing steel should be used:

as prestressing reinforcement - hot-rolled bar steel of classes A-IV and A-Vaccording to GOST 5781;

As prestressing reinforcement, it is allowed to use bar thermomechanically and thermally strengthened periodic profile steel of classes At-IV and At-Vaccording to GOST 10884;

as non-prestressing reinforcement - hot-rolled steel rods of classes A-IIIand A-Iaccording to GOST 5781 and ordinary reinforcing wire of periodic profile class VR-Iaccording to GOST 6727;

for mounting loops, hot-rolled smooth reinforcement rods made of class A- steel should be usedIgrades VSt3sp2 and VSt3ps2 with a diameter of 6-12 mm according to GOST 5781.

1.3.19. When the estimated winter temperature is below minus 40 °C, the use of steel grade VSt3ps2 according to GOST 5781 is prohibited for mounting hinges.

1.3.20. The stress values ​​in the prestressing reinforcement, monitored after tensioning on the stops, should be:

695.8 MPa (7100 kgf/cm 2) - for class reinforcement A- V;

499.8 MPa (5100 kgf/cm 2) » » » A- IV.

Deviations in stress values ​​should not exceed when tensioning reinforcement:

±88.2 MPa (±900 kgf/cm 2) - electrothermal method;

5, +10% - mechanically.

1.3.21. Welded reinforcement products must comply with GOST 10922 and GOST 23279.

1.3.22. Types, design and dimensions of welded joints of reinforcement - according to GOST 14098.

1.3.23. The values ​​of actual deviations of the geometric parameters of stones should not exceed the limits indicated in the table. 4.

Table 4

mm

1.3.24. For reinforced stones, the deviation from the thickness of the protective layer of concrete should not exceed ±5 mm.

1.3.25. The deviation of the profile of the front surface of curved stones from the nominal curvature should not exceed 5 mm.

1.3.27. Cracks on the surface of stones are not allowed, with the exception of superficial ones with a width of no more than 0.1 mm and a length of up to 50 mm, in an amount of no more than 5 pieces. per 1 m 2 surface of reinforced stones made of heavy concrete.

1.4. Marking

The marking must be applied with indelible paint on the end face of at least 10% of the stones from the batch in accordance with GOST 13015.2.

The brand of stones 3.0 and 6.0 m long should additionally indicate their mass.

2. ACCEPTANCE

2.1. Stones are accepted in batches in accordance with GOST 13015.1 and this standard.

2.2. Stones accepted:

according to the results of periodic tests - in terms of strength, crack resistance, frost resistance, water absorption;

based on the results of acceptance tests - according to strength indicators (class of concrete in terms of compressive strength, transfer and tempering strength), compliance of reinforcement products with this standard, strength of welded joints, accuracy of geometric parameters, thickness of the protective layer of concrete to the reinforcement, crack opening width, concrete category surfaces, grades for the workability of the concrete mixture, the volume of entrained air in concrete mixtures with air-entraining additives.

2.3. Periodic loading tests of prestressed stones to control their strength and crack resistance, as well as to determine the tensile strength of concrete in bending, are carried out before the start of mass production of stones and in the future - when making design changes to them, changing manufacturing technology and quality of materials in accordance with GOST requirements 13015.1.

In the process of mass production of stones, tests for crack resistance by loading, as well as tensile strength during bending, are carried out at least once every 6 months.

2.4. Concrete stones are tested for frost resistance and water absorption when mastering production, changing the nominal composition of concrete, technology, type and quality of materials, but at least once every 6 months.

2.5. The workability of the concrete mixture is checked at least once per shift.

2.6. The volume of entrained air in concrete mixtures with air-entraining additives is checked at least once per shift.

2.7. Stones in terms of the accuracy of geometric parameters, the thickness of the protective layer of concrete to the reinforcement, the location of the reinforcement, the presence of mounting loops, the category of the concrete surface and the width of the opening of technological cracks should be taken based on the results of random inspection in accordance with Table. 5 for stones made of heavy concrete and in accordance with table. 6 - for stones made of fine-grained concrete, made using the vibrocompression method.

Table 5

PC.

Table 6 5

St. 1200

A batch of stones not accepted based on the results of sampling must be accepted individually. In this case, the acceptance of stones must be carried out according to the indicators for which the batch was not accepted.

The possibility of using stones that do not meet the criteria for strength and frost resistance is determined by the design organization.

2.8. The strength of concrete stones is controlled according to GOST 18105.

2.9. The consumer has the right to carry out a control check of the compliance of the stones specified in the order with the requirements of this standard.

2.10. Quality document - according to GOST 13015.3. The quality document must include the grade of concrete for frost resistance and water absorption indicators of concrete.

At the request of the consumer, the results of control tests of stones for strength and crack resistance according to GOST 8829 are included in the quality document.

3. CONTROL METHODS

3.1. Load testing of stones to control their strength and crack resistance is carried out according to GOST 8829.

The diagram and position of the stone during testing are shown in Fig. 1 and in table. 7.

R -

Crap. 1

Table 7

New technologies and materials appear in road construction every year. An achievement in recent years has been semi-dry vibropressing. Curbs made by semi-dry vibrocompression have high quality characteristics. Concrete grade, compressive strength, frost resistance are the main quality indicators of curb stones.

The main types of vibropressed curbs are main curbs, road curbs and garden curbs. They all have different sizes, characteristics and applications. Their main functions:

• separate the pedestrian zone from the non-pedestrian zone;
• separate the roadway from the rest of the territory;
• strengthen the structure of paving slabs;
• protect the road surface and paving slabs from erosion by running water;
• give a finished architectural look to flower beds and garden areas.

Trunk Curb

Main curb stone, GOST 6665-91 - the largest curb stone in size from the entire line. The main curb comes in several sizes and, accordingly, different weights:

The main curb is installed on routes between cities, on highways, on bridges and road junctions. Due to its increased strength characteristics, the main curb is more resistant to external factors and tends to resist wear under certain conditions. Prices for main curbs vary from 250 rubles per piece to 700 rubles per piece.

Characteristics

Road Curb

Vibration-pressed road curb, GOST 6665-91. 90% of all city roads and courtyards are landscaped with this particular curb. The service life of such a border is approximately 15-20 years, depending on the location. Today it is an indispensable material for road construction in the ratio price- quality. Road curb dimensions:

They install road curbs on city roads, in courtyard driveways, and parking areas. The service life of a road curb is approximately 15-20 years. Although technology calculates a different figure, approximately 40 years. If the frost resistance of a curb stone is 200 cycles, the period should be exactly that, but this does not take into account external factors, such as collisions with the curb. You can buy road curbs in Moscow and the Moscow region at prices ranging from 190 rubles to 300 rubles per piece.

Characteristics

garden border

Garden border stone GOST 6665-91. Unlike other borders, it is in demand in private construction. Visually, a vibration-pressed garden border can be easily distinguished from a vibration-cast one; the former is 3 cm thicker and rougher in structure. A vibro-compressed curb is many times stronger and more stable, and its service life is approximately 15-20 years, in contrast to the vibro-cast method of the same name - 3-5 years.

Due to its size, the garden border is ideal for private landscaping. A half-meter curb is convenient to use in cases where you need to install a border not in straight lines, for example, flower beds that go in a circle or winding alleys, sidewalk paths. Garden curb,also has a decorative function, using a variety of flowers. Prices for a 0.5 m garden border during the construction season vary in the range of 50-75 rubles per piece, for a meter garden border in the range of 100-130 rubles per piece.